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Enhancement of Newborn Screening Diagnostic Paradigms to Improve the Efficacy of Treatment for Krabbe Disease, Pompe Disease, and Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 1
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abstract
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Newborn screening (NBS) has been of incalculable benefit to infants since its inception in the 1960s. The goal of NBS is to identify infants who will develop lethal or debilitating childhood disorders at a time when they are pre-symptomatic and when treatment is maximally effective. High false positive rates of NBS for some conditions contribute to diagnostic uncertainty. The broad goal of this research is to improve the specificity of NBS for Krabbe disease (KD), Pompe disease (PD), and Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPSI). Preliminary studies indicate that bivariate normal limits (BVNL) tools can successfully improve specificity of NBS for Krabbe disease, with PPVs approaching 100%. This research will test novel BVNL tools for KD, MPSI, and PD using specific NBS biomarkers, and will assess these tools for effective pre-symptomatic identification of these disorders. Aim 1a will prospectively collect results of PSY and GalC from DBS of infants who screen positively for KD in New York, Ohio, Missouri, and metropolitan Chicago, Illinois. These areas, as well as Gifu, Osaka, and Shimane, Japan (where only data for MPSI will be collected), comprise the proposed Bivariate Analysis for Newborn Screening (BANS) Network of collaborating genetics referral sites. This acronym reflects the anticipated use of BVNL tools in an approach that eliminates the potential harm of excessive false positives after NBS of KD, PD and MPSI. Aim 1b will utilize the BANS Network for prospective monitoring of infants who have screened positive for KD to determine whether application of the BVNL tool to their pre-symptomatically collected blood spots predicts subsequent symptom emergence. Aim 2 will utilize the BANS network and newborn blood spots obtained from the Virtual Repository of Dried Blood Spots to further develop BVNL tools for MPSI and PD. Aim 3 will again employ the BANS Network to prospectively determine the predictive capacity of the BVNL tools for MPSI and PD. If the improved prediction of KD, MPSI, and PD after NBS is achieved, treatment will be enhanced for these devastating illnesses, and life-threatening treatments for infants will be prevented.
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Enhancement of Newborn Screening Diagnostic Paradigms to Improve the Efficacy of Treatment for Krabbe Disease, Pompe Disease, and Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 1
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